Starting, Ignition and Charging System

What is the role of starting system, ignition system and charging system in automobile production?

Starting System

The starting (or cranking) system comprises a battery, a starter, and an ignition switch. When the ignition switch is turned to the start position, the starter begins cranking the engine using power from the battery. The starter turns the crankshaft and reciprocates the pistons in order to compress the air-fuel mixture. This action is continued until the crankshaft starts rotating the engine by itself.

Ignition System

An engine's ignition system ignites compressed air-fuel mixture in the cylinder at appropriate times. The ignition system supplies high voltage surges (as much as 20000 volts) of current to produce spark at the spark plug gap. The spark is provided at the exact time in the various cylinders according to the firing order of the engine.

Charging System

The charging system generates electricity required for the operation of the engine and for the operation of various electrical systems. The main component of the charging system is the alternator, (generator) which produces electricity when driven by the crankshaft via the alternator belt. The alternator produces alternating current, which is converted into direct current through rectifiers installed in the alternator.

When the vehicle is moving, the alternator is driven fast enough to be capable of supplying electricity to various electrical systems and for charging the battery. When the engine is shut down or is running at idling speed, the alternator's output is not sufficient for charging the battery and for high-load electrical devices. The additionally required electricity is supplied by the battery.

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